Shortcuts are a great way to customize your Linux applications. You can create custom shortcuts for any application, or you can use the built-in shortcuts. To create a custom shortcut for an application, you first need to open the application’s file manager and find the file called “config”. This file contains the application’s settings. In this example, we will be using GNOME 3 applications, so we will open the “GNOME3” folder and look for the “application_name” file. This file will contain the details of our shortcut. In this example, we are going to create a shortcut for “gconf-editor”. To do this, we first need to open the “gconf-editor” application and find the “application_name” file in the “GNOME3” folder. Then, we need to add a new line to our shortcut’s configuration file. We will name this line “gconf-editor:shortcut_name”. Now that our shortcut has been created, we can use it by opening our favorite GNOME 3 application and clicking on its icon in the top left corner of the screen. We will then see our new shortcut in action!
AutoKey is a desktop automation utility that lets you manage blocks of text and use abbreviations and hotkeys to save yourself time while typing—but you can also use it to remap hotkeys in applications. For instance, if your favorite application used Ctrl+Q to quit and you didn’t want it to, you could remap that key using AutoKey.
The Scenario
For our test scenario today, I’m going to remap the Ctrl+T key combination to Alt+T instead. Why, you ask? The Ctrl+T shortcut key is used in every browser to open a new tab, but since I use Google Chrome and like to open new tabs constantly to search, the Alt+T shortcut key is a lot easier for me to hit without moving my hands from the front row.
To accomplish this task, we’ll use the amazing AutoKey tool, which is a lot like AutoHotkey on Windows, except it’s made for Linux and is capable of using Python scripts.
Installing AutoKey
You’ll want to open up the Synaptic Package Manager and do a quick search for autokey, check the box, and then install the package. You could also install it using the apt-get command like this:
Remapping Shortcut Keys with AutoKey
Once you’ve got the utility installed, you can open up the configuration through the tray icon and create a New Phrase. The name on the left-hand side doesn’t mean anything, I just like to name them according to the hotkey that I’ll be assigning.
Use the Set button next to Hotkey to assign the hotkey you want to use, click the modifier key—in this case, I’m assigning Alt, and then click the Press to Set button and the key you want to use. For my example, I’m using Alt+t, and you’ll notice the character is lowercase, which is important—if you pressed Shift+T there, AutoKey would get confused.
Once that’s done, you can put the following into the text box:
Click the save button, and you’re done. Now you can open up your browser and use the Alt+T combination instead of Ctrl+T, and it should open up a new tab.
How does this work? When you press the Alt+T hotkey that you’ve assigned, AutoKey sends the keystrokes to the currently active application, and since the keystrokes in this case are Ctrl+T, Google Chrome assumes that you pressed the shortcut key for a new tab, and responds accordingly.
Filtering by Window
The only problem is that the shortcut key now is activated for all windows. To fix this, we can setup a window filter using the Set button, and then type in something similar to this:
You might be wondering what the .* is all about—this filter uses regular expressions to find the window title, so you’ll need to use .* to match any characters that aren’t specified, including the space in this case. Note: You could use a single period character to represent a space if you want.
Using Special Keys in AutoKey
When you’re creating a new phrase, you can use the following special codes to simulate pressing one of the special keys. There’s actually a much bigger list of special keys, but these are probably the most important ones you’ll need to use:
Combining Keys
If you want to combine together a number of keys, you’ll use the + character, like this:
If you needed to actually insert a + symbol, you’d need to use <np_add> instead.
AutoKey Rocks!
There’s any number of uses for this technique besides just remapping shortcut keys—you could automate a series of keystrokes to perform a task, for instance. The possibilities are endless—but what would you use it for?
